iOS 8 Swift 第三方键盘建置简易新手教学——一个属于你自己的键盘！

6 月142015

作者：超级efly 发布：2015-06-14 19:52 分类：电脑阅读：15,349

二、实现基础键盘功能

1、首先我们把Xcode原本所提供的代码（即 class 内代码）删除或注释掉

2、我们先在添加一个在键盘界面中创建新按钮的函式（函数）：（将代码放入 class 中，下同）

    func createButtonWithTitle(title: String) -> UIButton {
    
        let button = UIButton.buttonWithType(.System) as! UIButton
        button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)
        button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)
        button.sizeToFit()
        button.titleLabel!.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)
        button.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)
        button.backgroundColor = UIColor(white: 1.0, alpha: 1.0)
        button.setTitleColor(UIColor.darkGrayColor(), forState: .Normal)
    
        button.addTarget(self, action: "didTapButton:", forControlEvents: .TouchUpInside)
    
        return button
    }

func createButtonWithTitle(title: String) -> UIButton {

let button = UIButton.buttonWithType(.System) as! UIButton

button.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 20, 20)

button.setTitle(title, forState: .Normal)

button.sizeToFit()

button.titleLabel!.font = UIFont.systemFontOfSize(15)

button.setTranslatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints(false)

button.backgroundColor = UIColor(white: 1.0, alpha: 1.0)

button.setTitleColor(UIColor.darkGrayColor(), forState: .Normal)

button.addTarget(self, action: "didTapButton:", forControlEvents: .TouchUpInside)

return button

}

3、然后，我们需要设定按钮按下后（ TouchUpInside ）所执行的 Function didTapButton ：

    func didTapButton(sender: AnyObject?) {
        
        let button = sender as! UIButton
        let title = button.titleForState(.Normal)
        var proxy = textDocumentProxy as! UITextDocumentProxy
        
        proxy.insertText(title!)
    }

func didTapButton(sender: AnyObject?) {

let button = sender as! UIButton

let title = button.titleForState(.Normal)

var proxy = textDocumentProxy as! UITextDocumentProxy

proxy.insertText(title!)

}

4、接着，我们在 viewDidLoad 内加入添加按钮「A」的 Function

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        let button = createButtonWithTitle("A")
        self.view.addSubview(button)
        
    }

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

let button = createButtonWithTitle("A")

self.view.addSubview(button)

}

5、现在我们运行键盘，应该就可以看到一个可点击的「A」按钮放在了我们键盘的左上角

6、让我们稍微修改一下 viewDidLoad 的代码，创建包含一行字母的Array：

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        let buttonTitles = ["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P"]
        var buttons = [UIButton]()
        var keyboardRowView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50))
        
        for buttonTitle in buttonTitles{
            
            let button = createButtonWithTitle(buttonTitle)
            buttons.append(button)
            keyboardRowView.addSubview(button)
        }
        
        self.view.addSubview(keyboardRowView)
    }

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

let buttonTitles = ["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P"]

var buttons = [UIButton]()

var keyboardRowView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50))

for buttonTitle in buttonTitles{

let button = createButtonWithTitle(buttonTitle)

buttons.append(button)

keyboardRowView.addSubview(button)

}

self.view.addSubview(keyboardRowView)

}

7、如果你现在直接运行这段代码，将只会显示「P」这一个字母，所以我们还需要新增一个 addIndividualButtonConstraints Function 来对其进行排版：

说明：该段代码通过使用了「AutoLayout」对一行按钮进行了自动排版、于每一按键的上下左右分别加入了 1px 的空隙（以其相邻的按键作为参考标志）

    func addIndividualButtonConstraints(buttons: [UIButton], rowView: UIView){
        
        for (index, button) in enumerate(buttons) {
            
            var topConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Top, relatedBy: .LessThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Top, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 1.0)
            var bottomConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Bottom, relatedBy: .GreaterThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Bottom, multiplier: 1.0, constant: -1.0)
            
            var rightConstraint : NSLayoutConstraint!
            
            if index == buttons.count - 1 {
                
                rightConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Right, relatedBy: .GreaterThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)
                
            } else {
                
                let nextButton = buttons[index+1]
                rightConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Right, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: nextButton, attribute: .Left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: -1.0)
            }
            
            
            var leftConstraint : NSLayoutConstraint!
            
            if index == 0 {
                
                leftConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Left, relatedBy: .LessThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)
                
            } else {
                
                let prevtButton = buttons[index-1]
                leftConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Left, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: prevtButton, attribute: .Right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 1.0)
                
                let firstButton = buttons[0]
                var widthConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: firstButton, attribute: .Width, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: button, attribute: .Width, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)
                
                widthConstraint.priority = 800.0
                rowView.addConstraint(widthConstraint)
            }
            
            rowView.addConstraints([topConstraint, bottomConstraint, rightConstraint, leftConstraint])
        }
    }

func addIndividualButtonConstraints(buttons: [UIButton], rowView: UIView){

for (index, button) in enumerate(buttons) {

var topConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Top, relatedBy: .LessThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Top, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 1.0)

var bottomConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Bottom, relatedBy: .GreaterThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Bottom, multiplier: 1.0, constant: -1.0)

var rightConstraint : NSLayoutConstraint!

if index == buttons.count - 1 {

rightConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Right, relatedBy: .GreaterThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)

} else {

let nextButton = buttons[index+1]

rightConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Right, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: nextButton, attribute: .Left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: -1.0)

}

var leftConstraint : NSLayoutConstraint!

if index == 0 {

leftConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Left, relatedBy: .LessThanOrEqual, toItem: rowView, attribute: .Left, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)

} else {

let prevtButton = buttons[index-1]

leftConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: button, attribute: .Left, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: prevtButton, attribute: .Right, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 1.0)

let firstButton = buttons[0]

var widthConstraint = NSLayoutConstraint(item: firstButton, attribute: .Width, relatedBy: .Equal, toItem: button, attribute: .Width, multiplier: 1.0, constant: 0.0)

widthConstraint.priority = 800.0

rowView.addConstraint(widthConstraint)

}

rowView.addConstraints([topConstraint, bottomConstraint, rightConstraint, leftConstraint])

}

8、再让我们修改一下 viewDidLoad 的代码以加入上述 Function ：

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()
        
        let buttonTitles = ["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P"]
        var buttons = [UIButton]()
        var keyboardRowView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50))
        
        for buttonTitle in buttonTitles{
            
            let button = createButtonWithTitle(buttonTitle)
            buttons.append(button)
            keyboardRowView.addSubview(button)
        }
        
        self.view.addSubview(keyboardRowView)
        
        addIndividualButtonConstraints(buttons, rowView: keyboardRowView)
    }

override func viewDidLoad() {

super.viewDidLoad()

let buttonTitles = ["Q", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P"]

var buttons = [UIButton]()

var keyboardRowView = UIView(frame: CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50))

for buttonTitle in buttonTitles{

let button = createButtonWithTitle(buttonTitle)

buttons.append(button)

keyboardRowView.addSubview(button)

}

self.view.addSubview(keyboardRowView)

addIndividualButtonConstraints(buttons, rowView: keyboardRowView)

}

9、现在我们再来试试这个第三方键盘，怎样，看起来是不是像样多了？继续查看下页的内容完成我们的键盘设计吧！

注意：于本步骤时键盘仍有一些小的排版问题，不过在之后的步骤中我们便会对其进行修复，所以无需紧张～

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本文固定链接：https://www.arefly.com/zh-hans/ios-8-swift-custom-keyboard-extension/

二、实现基础键盘功能

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